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I

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welcome to Sputnik orbiting the world

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with me George Galloway and me gatri the

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Cascade towards a return of reaction in

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Latin America appears to have been

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halted albeit by a whisker in Peru the

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former dictator's daughter Kiko fujimori

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pulled 49% and more but narly lost the

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presidency to mainstream conservative

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Pedro Pablo Kosinski

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but with the results so narrow how long

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before fujimori supporters begin to

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challenge the result and mobilize the

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street power undoubtedly at her disposal

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and what will the Army do and what is it

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about dictatorship which seems to be

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coming back into fashion who better to

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talk us through than Peruvian analyst

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and super journalist Isaac bigo Isaac

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thanks for coming on the Sputnik three

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questions there will she accept the

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result what will the Army do and what

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what is it about her brand of right-wing

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politics that appears to be coming back

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into fashion well the first question is

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at the moment the difference is only

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40,000

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votes the count is now n is is almost

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almost 100% it's very few votes to be

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counted

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so Kinski is going to be Proclaim

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president there is a possibility that

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kimori would call for a recount of the

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vote but at the moment she has not

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accepted the results some people from

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her party are

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mobilizing people in the street is

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claiming that this is a fra however the

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left and the union said that fujimori

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always make frauds in 2000 he make fraud

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this was our father his the Father the

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father make fraud and he was completely

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the showed that he was was a fraud so he

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has to resign from the presidency and in

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this time there have been a lot of

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accusation that when in many Village

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they changed the boat so at the moment

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we don't know if she's going to accept

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or not your second question was about

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the Army at the moment the Army has not

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been doing nothing but we don't know

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what they are going to do I think at the

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moment the Army said whatever the

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national election decide we will support

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but we don't know because this

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government soala is used to be a

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military I don't know if he's going to

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accept if ujimori won for a narrow vote

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and with fra at the moment the election

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is in favor of kusinski I don't think

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there nothing going to

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change now thanks to your material that

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I have read it seems that Fuji Mor

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though a figure of the right had Mass

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support amongst the very poorest the

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Shante Town dwellers and the the poor

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masses how does that come to pass this

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is very interesting because in Lima The

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Shanti towns that surround the center of

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the capital used to be the the basis of

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the left but now they vote IM V vote for

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fujimori and the people that vote for

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Kinski was in the middle class and right

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wing and upper class suburbs or areas so

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why they are popular because first she

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give money to everybody she give money

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she gave a lot of little s second

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because during his during fujimori

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government in the 19 1990 to 2000

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fujimori made a lot of er roads

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and medical post and the most important

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scene fujimori defeat shining P which he

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was accused as a terrorist threat no now

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K fujimon said as my father defeated

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terrorist I'm going to defeat crime and

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crime is terrible the problem is that

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she can defeat Street crime but she's

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going to put a lot of criminals in power

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because um many of her most

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closest supporters have been accused of

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being linked with the narc traffic and

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in a lot of corruption scandals so but

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people that the most poor people believe

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that she can defeat crime no another

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argument is that the other candidate

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kusinski is a gringo he a US citizen

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he's has been a banker he's a member of

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all the banking institution and he's a

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very rich man so she's Japanese yeah she

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is

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Peruvian with a

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Japanese

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grandparents

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uh she she was born in Peru no and and

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so the supporters of fimor they include

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indigenous yeah

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um no she had most of the supportive

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amongst ER yes she has indigenous people

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but most of her support are the poor

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people in The Shanti

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towns they and poor people in some rural

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areas but she is not a candid of the

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indigenous population seems they don't

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have a candidate there's one from

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Japanese EXT one Japanese and one yes

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very interesting that in many areas like

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puno which is the AAR region by the

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tiaka lake there was a lot of n v like

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10 12 15% of the votes they didn't

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believe in both any of the candidates

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the interesting thing is the the South

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which is the more indigenous part of

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Peru which is where the ketos and Mar

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lived most of the South supported

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kuchinski against fujimori because the

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left said the worst enemy is is fujimori

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no so the left back the mainstream

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conservative the I will tell you

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something the only reason why kuchinski

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won is because Al the vote of the

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left I there is something very

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interesting in the Peruan election in

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most of the elections the main the most

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the the main meetings the main

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demonstration the main rallies are in

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supporting one candidate in Peru in the

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first round and the second round the

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main demonstration was against K

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fujimori there were more than 100,000

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people in the street before she was

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before the first round and also before

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the second round against fujimori in

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every important city even in London we

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did a demonstration

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so so people from the left wanted to

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stopi this would be a bit like uh the

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left in

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France uh putting their way in the final

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ballot behind uh sarosi against Leen

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Leen also

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representing uh an increasing

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disturbingly large number of the very

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poorest people most marginal people in

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France uh except for the the immigrants

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of course who are her

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scapegoats uh but some of the same if

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you like brown shirt politics storite

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politics anti- capitalist anti-me but

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actually being composed of capitalists

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and

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criminals there are some similarity

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between Leen and fujimori because it's K

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fujimori is the daughter of Alberto

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fujimori who used to be a dictator

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dictator and is the only former

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president that has been extralite and is

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in jail and you know in in France you

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have Leen daughter and Leen father but

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there is a difference in France Leen has

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never been in power and all the

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right-wing parties said we don't want to

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deal with lean while in Peru fujimori

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had been in power 16 years ago he

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control a lot of the judges and have a

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lot of influence in the Electoral court

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and in the previous election in 2011

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kuchinski openly supported Kiko vuim

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Mori saying that she was she was going

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to do a marvelous government and honest

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government and her father defeated

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terrorism and hyperinflation so in

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reality it's not like Shak and Leen

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because kusinski is more conservative

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was supported fuimo in the past no now

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how does this fit into the bigger l

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American picture we have a return of the

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Old Guard in Brazil we have the leftist

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government in Venezuela in big trouble

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we had a defeat for the peronists in

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Argentina uh we have it seems a creeping

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return to reaction how does this fit

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into that picture well at the same time

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that the we have this problem in Peru we

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have the situation in Brazil but is in

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Brazil we have a new government which is

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is deeply unpopular two of its Minister

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has been resigned because of accusation

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of corruption there are more other

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minister that are going to resign is so

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perhaps the right wind cou the T in

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Brazil is not going to work very very

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much ER in the case of Venezuela yes

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it's more likely to be a referendum but

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even in the case that the Maduro lost

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but because I think the referendum is

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going to be at the end of the year or

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beginning of the the other year we are

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going to have a a chavista government

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because the deputy president is going to

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replace him so there is a is a return of

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the reaction but I will tell you

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something in the case of Peru there is

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also the growth of the left the left has

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been completely smash since 1990 when

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fujimori took power he destroyed the

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left now is the first time that the left

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achieved more than 20% of the votes in

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Peru in fact was about 22

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25% so the left is growing in Peru

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another time is the second they have the

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second group in the

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Parliament and so we and I see that you

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ask me about this the politic of the

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streets fujimi is not winning the street

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is the opposite there's a lot of anti

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Fuji moras in the street and this move

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mass movement is going to grow so I

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think that in Peru the left have a

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position of growing and growing and

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growing what about the ultra left you

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mentioned them earlier the uh cero

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luminosa The Shining path maest

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guerillas commandante Gonzalo and all of

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that are they just history

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now well this is one of the most shame

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shameful guerillas that I ever no

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because in Ireland or in B country or

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in guillas then become very popular

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parties no they have been elected in

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Salvador and in

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Nicaragua but in Peru Shin impa the only

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slogan that they have now is amnesty for

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fujimori for the paramilitary for all

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the people that kill people because we

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also want to have charman Gonzalo free

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so they they don't have any kind of

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support they are completely isolated

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they don't come to the mass

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demonstration fujimori they have a small

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party which tried to

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become legalized was not legalized which

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so they are very very isolated they not

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in this picture at all no not at all

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they they don't have arms they don't

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have they don't have a mass movement

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they don't have weapons they only have

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few militants going here and there

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that's all know they they they are gone

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well we we must have you back to keep

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our watching brief on Latin American

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Events thanks for joining us on the spck

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coming up next it's Lord Martin Ree a

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lord a baron and an astrophysicist on

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the joys to come of a world of robots

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stay

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tuned welcome back to Sputnik the TV

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series humans depicts a world where the

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middle class class at least have

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artificial intelligence in every home

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and not just an intelligent dishwasher

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either they have the full monty of

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glamorous robotic opars who cook your

276
00:13:39,760 --> 00:13:45,480
dinner and bring up your children and

277
00:13:42,360 --> 00:13:48,199
like Hal in Stanley Kubrick's 2001 A

278
00:13:45,480 --> 00:13:50,680
Space Odyssey it all goes wrong when the

279
00:13:48,199 --> 00:13:53,800
robot's artificial intelligence begins

280
00:13:50,680 --> 00:13:56,160
to develop a mind of its own well we are

281
00:13:53,800 --> 00:13:59,320
honored to have on board the Sputnik the

282
00:13:56,160 --> 00:14:02,440
world's most eminent cosmologist and as

283
00:13:59,320 --> 00:14:05,040
physicist Lord Martin Reese former

284
00:14:02,440 --> 00:14:07,920
president of the Royal Society and the

285
00:14:05,040 --> 00:14:10,920
astronomer Royal it is an honor

286
00:14:07,920 --> 00:14:13,160
Professor you Astound me I've listened

287
00:14:10,920 --> 00:14:17,079
to a lot of your talks your

288
00:14:13,160 --> 00:14:19,360
preoccupations are so well astronomic

289
00:14:17,079 --> 00:14:23,240
compared to my own and I wish we had an

290
00:14:19,360 --> 00:14:28,000
hour to talk to you but let's focus on

291
00:14:23,240 --> 00:14:30,959
artificial intelligence first is this

292
00:14:28,000 --> 00:14:34,000
just a kind of development of all mod

293
00:14:30,959 --> 00:14:37,800
cons a dishwasher a vacuum cleaner a

294
00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:38,839
washing machine a robot or is it a

295
00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:41,240
Quantum

296
00:14:38,839 --> 00:14:43,519
Leap first let me say I worry as much

297
00:14:41,240 --> 00:14:46,399
about everyday matters as anyone else

298
00:14:43,519 --> 00:14:47,720
despite my Cosmic preoccupations but I

299
00:14:46,399 --> 00:14:50,000
think there are exciting things

300
00:14:47,720 --> 00:14:52,480
happening in what's called generalized

301
00:14:50,000 --> 00:14:55,000
machine learning we used to robots

302
00:14:52,480 --> 00:14:58,160
they've taken over lot of factory work

303
00:14:55,000 --> 00:15:00,560
etc um but what's happening now is that

304
00:14:58,160 --> 00:15:03,320
they can Digest lot of information and

305
00:15:00,560 --> 00:15:05,120
they can actually learn how to do things

306
00:15:03,320 --> 00:15:08,519
without being taught in detail Let me

307
00:15:05,120 --> 00:15:10,959
Give an example um 20 years ago um a

308
00:15:08,519 --> 00:15:13,440
machine beat Casper off the world chess

309
00:15:10,959 --> 00:15:16,040
champion that was a great achievement

310
00:15:13,440 --> 00:15:19,440
but the machine was programmed by expert

311
00:15:16,040 --> 00:15:22,160
chess player just a couple of months ago

312
00:15:19,440 --> 00:15:24,680
another machine run by a company here in

313
00:15:22,160 --> 00:15:27,120
London called Deep Mind beat the world

314
00:15:24,680 --> 00:15:29,040
champion at the game of Go a Chinese

315
00:15:27,120 --> 00:15:31,440
game which is thought to be even deeper

316
00:15:29,040 --> 00:15:34,880
and more difficult than chess the

317
00:15:31,440 --> 00:15:37,920
difference was that that computer wasn't

318
00:15:34,880 --> 00:15:40,519
told the rules in detail it learned by

319
00:15:37,920 --> 00:15:43,480
watching millions of games and playing

320
00:15:40,519 --> 00:15:46,000
against itself and it made moves that

321
00:15:43,480 --> 00:15:49,800
amazed even expert players so it's now

322
00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:52,600
possible by just brute crunching of huge

323
00:15:49,800 --> 00:15:53,880
amounts of data for machines to learn

324
00:15:52,600 --> 00:15:57,600
without being taught and the same thing

325
00:15:53,880 --> 00:15:59,880
has been used in machine translation um

326
00:15:57,600 --> 00:16:03,360
old type translation was very good

327
00:15:59,880 --> 00:16:05,839
whereas now if you give machines a

328
00:16:03,360 --> 00:16:08,560
billion not a million pages of stuff to

329
00:16:05,839 --> 00:16:10,000
read they use EU documents the machines

330
00:16:08,560 --> 00:16:11,319
never get bored they just read that

331
00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:14,440
stuff and when they've read a billion

332
00:16:11,319 --> 00:16:16,480
Pages they can translate and this is a

333
00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:18,160
new technique which is possible because

334
00:16:16,480 --> 00:16:20,440
computer so powerful and I think what

335
00:16:18,160 --> 00:16:22,519
this means is that the robots we're

336
00:16:20,440 --> 00:16:25,079
talking about the ones you had your

337
00:16:22,519 --> 00:16:27,360
introduction they will exist um but

338
00:16:25,079 --> 00:16:29,079
what's going to be more interesting is

339
00:16:27,360 --> 00:16:31,480
that machines will take over more

340
00:16:29,079 --> 00:16:34,680
intellectual work I think they will take

341
00:16:31,480 --> 00:16:37,279
over the work of lawyers um doctors both

342
00:16:34,680 --> 00:16:39,399
for Diagnostics and surgery the jobs

343
00:16:37,279 --> 00:16:42,720
they won't take over incidentally are

344
00:16:39,399 --> 00:16:44,399
jobs like um uh yours and mine well I

345
00:16:42,720 --> 00:16:45,839
don't know I don't M but I meant things

346
00:16:44,399 --> 00:16:48,360
like being a plumber and being a

347
00:16:45,839 --> 00:16:50,120
gardener they'd be harder to automate

348
00:16:48,360 --> 00:16:51,920
and uh I think obviously the economic

349
00:16:50,120 --> 00:16:53,440
consequence of all this as I'm sure

350
00:16:51,920 --> 00:16:55,440
you'd agree is that we've got to make

351
00:16:53,440 --> 00:16:58,000
sure that the uh money earned by the

352
00:16:55,440 --> 00:17:00,120
robots doesn't go to a small Elite but

353
00:16:58,000 --> 00:17:03,680
is redistributed so as to provide

354
00:17:00,120 --> 00:17:05,880
dignified jobs as carers gardeners in

355
00:17:03,680 --> 00:17:08,120
public parks custodians teachers

356
00:17:05,880 --> 00:17:10,199
assistants Etc uh who will be given

357
00:17:08,120 --> 00:17:12,319
dignified and secure Employments using

358
00:17:10,199 --> 00:17:15,559
the resources made available by the

359
00:17:12,319 --> 00:17:18,360
robots well that's a very important

360
00:17:15,559 --> 00:17:21,480
Point all of those were but Henry Ford

361
00:17:18,360 --> 00:17:24,280
told his workers the United Auto Workers

362
00:17:21,480 --> 00:17:27,799
of America uh more than half a century

363
00:17:24,280 --> 00:17:29,679
ago I could replace you all and uh I

364
00:17:27,799 --> 00:17:32,160
could make my cars with robots and the

365
00:17:29,679 --> 00:17:35,520
union answered in that case who will buy

366
00:17:32,160 --> 00:17:38,039
the cars if no one has work and wages

367
00:17:35,520 --> 00:17:40,720
then the the product of these uh uh

368
00:17:38,039 --> 00:17:42,280
robots cannot be uh purchased but given

369
00:17:40,720 --> 00:17:45,720
that we live in the kind of world we do

370
00:17:42,280 --> 00:17:48,160
live in where the elite are

371
00:17:45,720 --> 00:17:50,320
increasingly uh consolidating their

372
00:17:48,160 --> 00:17:52,880
wealth few people own more than half of

373
00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:56,679
the wealth in the whole world it's more

374
00:17:52,880 --> 00:18:00,760
likely isn't it that the workers are

375
00:17:56,679 --> 00:18:02,559
going to be laid off by by the new

376
00:18:00,760 --> 00:18:04,559
intelligence artificial intelligence

377
00:18:02,559 --> 00:18:06,280
that's coming on board yeah well even

378
00:18:04,559 --> 00:18:07,880
just to add on that the Obama

379
00:18:06,280 --> 00:18:10,120
Administration when they first made

380
00:18:07,880 --> 00:18:12,760
their uh Research into this they did

381
00:18:10,120 --> 00:18:15,799
come out with a finding that 80% of

382
00:18:12,760 --> 00:18:18,520
workers who earn less than $20 an hour

383
00:18:15,799 --> 00:18:19,799
would be able to be replace um well that

384
00:18:18,520 --> 00:18:21,880
may happen but as I say that is

385
00:18:19,799 --> 00:18:25,400
something where uh there's a need for

386
00:18:21,880 --> 00:18:28,200
redistribution to ensure they're well

387
00:18:25,400 --> 00:18:30,760
supported nonetheless um John mayard KES

388
00:18:28,200 --> 00:18:33,120
in the 19 30s talked about a world where

389
00:18:30,760 --> 00:18:35,880
no one worked more than 15 hours a week

390
00:18:33,120 --> 00:18:38,320
and that hasn't come um but if it comes

391
00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:40,600
then we should uh perhaps welcome it

392
00:18:38,320 --> 00:18:43,200
some will have shuddered I'm not a lder

393
00:18:40,600 --> 00:18:45,679
in any sense some will have shuddered

394
00:18:43,200 --> 00:18:49,840
though at the Amazing Story you just

395
00:18:45,679 --> 00:18:52,200
told about the computer learning itself

396
00:18:49,840 --> 00:18:55,320
how to play things this is the beginning

397
00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:57,960
is it not of the Quantum Leap to from

398
00:18:55,320 --> 00:19:00,000
from rubbish in rubbish out as they used

399
00:18:57,960 --> 00:19:03,159
to say about computers to something

400
00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:05,320
different um it is I mean how it's clear

401
00:19:03,159 --> 00:19:07,919
the direction of travel is going to be

402
00:19:05,320 --> 00:19:10,520
towards computers with a bigger range of

403
00:19:07,919 --> 00:19:12,960
human capabilities uh how long that will

404
00:19:10,520 --> 00:19:15,559
take we don't know of course although

405
00:19:12,960 --> 00:19:18,520
they can surpass humans in many respects

406
00:19:15,559 --> 00:19:20,840
robots are very primitive compared to us

407
00:19:18,520 --> 00:19:23,000
for instance uh although they can play

408
00:19:20,840 --> 00:19:24,520
chess a championship level you can't

409
00:19:23,000 --> 00:19:26,640
make a robot that can move the pieces on

410
00:19:24,520 --> 00:19:28,400
a real chessboard as adeptly as a

411
00:19:26,640 --> 00:19:30,400
5-year-old kid can so there's a long way

412
00:19:28,400 --> 00:19:32,679
to go before they can do all the things

413
00:19:30,400 --> 00:19:34,080
we can but of course nonetheless many

414
00:19:32,679 --> 00:19:36,880
people and I know some of the people in

415
00:19:34,080 --> 00:19:40,000
this field feel it's not premature to

416
00:19:36,880 --> 00:19:42,120
have guidelines for these developments

417
00:19:40,000 --> 00:19:44,400
just as we need them for biotech to

418
00:19:42,120 --> 00:19:47,000
ensure that uh they don't go Rogue as it

419
00:19:44,400 --> 00:19:49,520
were because other there clearly are

420
00:19:47,000 --> 00:19:52,559
these scenarios in movies and science

421
00:19:49,520 --> 00:19:54,960
fiction which are looking not quite so

422
00:19:52,559 --> 00:19:59,919
far away from reality these days well I

423
00:19:54,960 --> 00:20:04,640
saw 2001 A Space Odyssey in the 197

424
00:19:59,919 --> 00:20:07,559
seemed very long and I watched

425
00:20:04,640 --> 00:20:10,440
go the great computer that was powering

426
00:20:07,559 --> 00:20:12,720
the ship began to question the uh

427
00:20:10,440 --> 00:20:16,280
decisions being made by the humans and

428
00:20:12,720 --> 00:20:18,520
eventually of course disaster uh ensued

429
00:20:16,280 --> 00:20:20,600
uh is that a possibility that a computer

430
00:20:18,520 --> 00:20:23,640
in that sense can develop a mind of its

431
00:20:20,600 --> 00:20:25,960
own make moral judgments well it's a

432
00:20:23,640 --> 00:20:27,480
possibility and of course uh uh the

433
00:20:25,960 --> 00:20:29,520
guidelines suggest that if we are going

434
00:20:27,480 --> 00:20:32,640
to develop these computers we've got to

435
00:20:29,520 --> 00:20:34,799
somehow ensure that they have the right

436
00:20:32,640 --> 00:20:36,559
sort of moral sense and that's hard

437
00:20:34,799 --> 00:20:38,240
maybe they can learn it by looking at us

438
00:20:36,559 --> 00:20:39,960
but of course the morals are G will

439
00:20:38,240 --> 00:20:42,799
depend on who they look at that

440
00:20:39,960 --> 00:20:44,679
won't depend who they were studying yes

441
00:20:42,799 --> 00:20:46,919
but but the other point is that um even

442
00:20:44,679 --> 00:20:48,919
if you try and give them uh uh

443
00:20:46,919 --> 00:20:51,080
guidelines even the robot you have in

444
00:20:48,919 --> 00:20:53,200
your kitchen uh then they don't have

445
00:20:51,080 --> 00:20:55,200
common sense to give a simple examples

446
00:20:53,200 --> 00:20:57,200
much quoted uh you have your robot

447
00:20:55,200 --> 00:20:59,440
that's supposed to keep the fridge uh

448
00:20:57,200 --> 00:21:01,640
full up Etc and you come home and

449
00:20:59,440 --> 00:21:03,919
there's no meat uh then it'll put the

450
00:21:01,640 --> 00:21:06,679
cat in the oven you see because it won't

451
00:21:03,919 --> 00:21:08,120
realize that that's a different uh

452
00:21:06,679 --> 00:21:10,080
concept and we don't do that sort of

453
00:21:08,120 --> 00:21:12,440
thing so you've got to realize that all

454
00:21:10,080 --> 00:21:15,240
these things that we've grown up to

455
00:21:12,440 --> 00:21:17,240
accept as uh obvious uh need to be

456
00:21:15,240 --> 00:21:19,440
programmed into a computer or it has to

457
00:21:17,240 --> 00:21:21,159
learn by watching millions of people and

458
00:21:19,440 --> 00:21:23,000
that's going to be the problem if the

459
00:21:21,159 --> 00:21:26,120
computers become too autonomous but I

460
00:21:23,000 --> 00:21:30,360
think uh there is one context and you

461
00:21:26,120 --> 00:21:32,000
mentioned Hal in 2001 when where robots

462
00:21:30,360 --> 00:21:34,919
ought to be given free reign and that is

463
00:21:32,000 --> 00:21:36,960
in space because uh uh although man

464
00:21:34,919 --> 00:21:39,200
space flight is a great achievement the

465
00:21:36,960 --> 00:21:41,360
uh uh the Russian cosmonauts and the

466
00:21:39,200 --> 00:21:43,240
Americans who landed on the moon I think

467
00:21:41,360 --> 00:21:45,320
the Practical case for sending people

468
00:21:43,240 --> 00:21:47,640
into space is getting weaker all the

469
00:21:45,320 --> 00:21:49,559
time as the robots get better and I

470
00:21:47,640 --> 00:21:52,559
think humans may go as an adventure just

471
00:21:49,559 --> 00:21:56,080
like they climb Everest Etc but I think

472
00:21:52,559 --> 00:21:58,080
the future of space lies with uh um huge

473
00:21:56,080 --> 00:22:01,120
robotic Fabricators making things in

474
00:21:58,080 --> 00:22:03,880
space um and uh robots exploring the

475
00:22:01,120 --> 00:22:07,880
solar system they can do this uh as well

476
00:22:03,880 --> 00:22:12,000
as humans and Far Far cheaper you said

477
00:22:07,880 --> 00:22:15,159
in one of your magnificent talks that uh

478
00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:17,440
that we we've got six billion years to

479
00:22:15,159 --> 00:22:20,559
go before 6 and a half I think before

480
00:22:17,440 --> 00:22:24,679
The Sun Burns Out which will be the end

481
00:22:20,559 --> 00:22:27,960
of uh of the earth uh but you also made

482
00:22:24,679 --> 00:22:29,279
the point which reverberates in my mind

483
00:22:27,960 --> 00:22:31,679
that

484
00:22:29,279 --> 00:22:35,000
the people or or or rather the life that

485
00:22:31,679 --> 00:22:37,400
will be on earth 6 and a half billion

486
00:22:35,000 --> 00:22:41,919
years from now will be as different from

487
00:22:37,400 --> 00:22:44,520
us as we are from bacteria this

488
00:22:41,919 --> 00:22:46,240
fascinates me this idea what will it be

489
00:22:44,520 --> 00:22:47,240
in your in your well we don't know I

490
00:22:46,240 --> 00:22:49,480
think that's important and this is

491
00:22:47,240 --> 00:22:52,559
perhaps one perspective that astronomers

492
00:22:49,480 --> 00:22:54,400
bring because most people apart from uh

493
00:22:52,559 --> 00:22:56,640
creationists and people in Kansas and

494
00:22:54,400 --> 00:22:57,919
the Muslim world uh know that we're the

495
00:22:56,640 --> 00:22:59,000
outcome of four billion years of

496
00:22:57,919 --> 00:23:01,000
evolution

497
00:22:59,000 --> 00:23:03,279
but most people somehow think we are the

498
00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:06,039
culmination we are the end of we believe

499
00:23:03,279 --> 00:23:08,000
in evolution but we we say that God must

500
00:23:06,039 --> 00:23:09,400
have designed it well we need we need to

501
00:23:08,000 --> 00:23:11,960
believe that but I think many people who

502
00:23:09,400 --> 00:23:14,039
are happy with naturalistic Evolution

503
00:23:11,960 --> 00:23:16,360
still think that we humans are the end

504
00:23:14,039 --> 00:23:19,120
they don't realize that as you just

505
00:23:16,360 --> 00:23:21,200
implied we're not even the halfway stage

506
00:23:19,120 --> 00:23:24,320
and that there will be future Evolution

507
00:23:21,200 --> 00:23:26,279
um of uh postum entities here on Earth

508
00:23:24,320 --> 00:23:29,200
and far beyond and the key question

509
00:23:26,279 --> 00:23:30,760
really is whether they will be a organic

510
00:23:29,200 --> 00:23:32,960
with the kind of wet Hardware we have

511
00:23:30,760 --> 00:23:35,120
inside our skulls or whether they'll be

512
00:23:32,960 --> 00:23:37,960
electronic I think the latter I think we

513
00:23:35,120 --> 00:23:41,600
may be quite near already the um

514
00:23:37,960 --> 00:23:44,320
capacity uh which can be uh uh hardwar

515
00:23:41,600 --> 00:23:45,640
by the sort of wet stuff in our skulls

516
00:23:44,320 --> 00:23:47,919
and therefore I think it will be the

517
00:23:45,640 --> 00:23:49,480
machines that take over and they will

518
00:23:47,919 --> 00:23:51,120
have as you said billions of years ahead

519
00:23:49,480 --> 00:23:53,559
of them and that incidentally has

520
00:23:51,120 --> 00:23:56,440
another implication which is that if uh

521
00:23:53,559 --> 00:23:58,559
we find evidence for extraterrestrial

522
00:23:56,440 --> 00:24:01,120
life intelligent life out in space which

523
00:23:58,559 --> 00:24:05,080
some people are looking for then what we

524
00:24:01,120 --> 00:24:07,520
may find is far more likely to be a uh

525
00:24:05,080 --> 00:24:10,679
robotic and electronic than organic

526
00:24:07,520 --> 00:24:12,880
because uh if we imagine that the

527
00:24:10,679 --> 00:24:15,159
evolution on some distant planet tracked

528
00:24:12,880 --> 00:24:16,799
what happened on Earth then you get four

529
00:24:15,159 --> 00:24:19,400
billion years of evolution and then

530
00:24:16,799 --> 00:24:21,279
intelligence emerged and Technology but

531
00:24:19,400 --> 00:24:24,000
then the machines take over and they

532
00:24:21,279 --> 00:24:26,080
have billions of years ahead so if there

533
00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:27,360
is intelligence out there it's probably

534
00:24:26,080 --> 00:24:30,760
already in

535
00:24:27,360 --> 00:24:32,399
machines told you he was astounding I

536
00:24:30,760 --> 00:24:35,159
want to talk to you about the parallel

537
00:24:32,399 --> 00:24:38,880
universe ideas but we don't have time to

538
00:24:35,159 --> 00:24:41,960
do it uh on this occasion Lord Reese

539
00:24:38,880 --> 00:24:45,230
professor and astronomer Royal thank you

540
00:24:41,960 --> 00:24:47,080
very much for joining us

541
00:24:45,230 --> 00:24:49,640
[Music]

542
00:24:47,080 --> 00:24:51,320
thank and now it's your turn to tell us

543
00:24:49,640 --> 00:24:53,760
what you think through the portals of

544
00:24:51,320 --> 00:24:56,200
social media what's ratling G so on the

545
00:24:53,760 --> 00:24:58,559
super intriguing topic of artificial

546
00:24:56,200 --> 00:25:00,760
intelligence whether it's a savior or a

547
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threat to humanity Wayne Mack for

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Palestine says they've said for years

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that new tech will free up our leisure

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time yet it doesn't and Ricardo Picasso

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says don't forget that robot means slave

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what if those powerful intelligent

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00:25:12,520 --> 00:25:19,039
machines found out well that's because

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the the sociology doesn't match the

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technology the technology is Advanced

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the sociology is well less than Advanced

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well that's all the tweet for today

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which alas means that's all we've got

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time for but you can stay in touch with

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00:25:31,279 --> 00:25:36,480
us through Twitter and rtor Sputnik on

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00:25:34,320 --> 00:25:38,640
Facebook Sputnik on Russia today it's

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goodbye from me gatri and from me George

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Gallow it's been marvelous

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[Music]